![]() ![]() Further studies are required to examine the effects of age and output-modality on these tasks. Discussion & Conclusions: The current results were consistent with those from Waters and Caplan (2003), reporting composite measure increased stabilities and reliabilities for the working memory measures and all of the working memory tasks loaded onto a single factor. A principal component analysis revealed that the one-factor solution accounted for 66% of the total variance for four different working memory pointing tasks. As short-term memory measures, digit and word forward pointing span measures were highly correlated (r=0.79). Concurrent validity results suggested that the pointing version of the digit span measures shared only 25~40% of the total variance with the standardized measure of the digit span-recall. However, test-retest reliabilities increased up to 0.86 when a composite measure was used with a combination of at least two different tasks. (digits forward, backward, and sequencing). Given findings indicating effort accounts for a large percentage of variance in neuropsychological test performance (Fox, 2011 Green, Rohling. Results The test-retest reliability results revealed that the range of Pearson’s correlation coefficients was 0.43~0.77. The Reliable Digit Span (RDS) is a well-validated embedded indicator of performance validity. Fifty-five normal individuals participated in the study and performed all of the tasks. An alphabet pointing span task and a subtract-2 pointing span measure were developed as working memory tasks. Methods Digit forward and backward pointing span measures were developed by adapting the most commonly used digit forward/backward recall tasks to pointing measures. The Digit Sequencing test can be administered backward, which means that the subject has to repeat the digits in reverse order. ![]() The specific aim of the study was to examine psychometric properties such as test-retest reliability, concurrent and construct validity, and internal item consistency in newly developed pointing span measures. The current study developed pointing span measures that do not require verbal output and thus can be used to assess short-term and working memory capacities in special populations with verbal-output deficits. However, there are limitations to the employment of short-term and working memory tasks developed for assessing normal cognitive processing for the evaluation of speech and/or language-impaired clinical populations. For additional information on subtests and interpretation, see your WAIS-III Canadian test manual.The Reliability and Validity of Short-term and Working Memory Pointing Tasks Developed for Clinical Populations with Speech and Language DisordersĬopyright ©2011 The Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiologyīackground & Objectives Short-term and working memory capacity theories have gained considerable attention as underlying cognitive mechanisms, deficiencies in which may account for language processing difficulties in individuals with speech and language disorders. Enter the total score for Digit Span Total. Notice that 1 is not an acceptable entry because no span can be comprised of just one digit. The acceptable range of values you can enter in these two fields is:Įnter the total score in the (Digit Span - Total) field. Use the longest span of digits the client accurately recalled on any trial. (Digit Span - Forward) and (Digit Span - Backward) trials. The digit span test is widely used to assess attention-concentration and working memory.1-3 It is quick, portable and easy to use, often forming an integral part of neuropsychological examinations and the mental state examination.1 The Digit span test comprises both digit forward and digit backward conditions. These are the longest span that the client accurately recalled on each trial.įor the Digit Span subtest scores, enter the number of digits, not the raw score, for the.Digit Span-Backward Total Score: 0,1,2……14.Digit Span-Forward Total Score: 0,1,2….16.The WAIS-III Canadian screen has 4 fields for the Digit Span trials:įor the Digit Span Forward and Digit Span Backward total Score, the acceptable values are: ![]()
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